Kerosene-carbureter.



J. T. CLARK & F. E. ROSS.

KEROSENE CARBURETER.-

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22. 1916..

Lwfi gwn Patented Aug. 7, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. T. CLARK & F. E. ROSS.

KEROSENE CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22. 1916.

1917. 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

lnventorJ Patented Aug. 7

At: rn e ys JAY T. CLARK AND FAY E. BOSS, OF MTLAN, MICHIGAN.

xnaosnnn-cannunn'rna.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. a, 119i *7.

Application filed April 22, 1916. Serial No. 92,956.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that we, JAY T. CLARK and FAY E. Ross, citizens of the United States, residing at Milan, in the county of Washtenaw, State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Kerosene-Carbureter, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention appertains to carbureters, and aims to provide a novel and improved carbureter adapted especially for the use of kerosene or other low or cheaper grade of fuel, whereby a low grade of fuel,

instead of gasolene, or the like, can be used for operating an internal combustion engine, the advantages of which are well recognized, chiefly the material reduction in the cost of fuel.

Another object ofthe invention is the pr0- vision of a carbureter which after the engine is started will be heated by the exhaust of the engine. I

Another object of the invention is the provision of novel means for controlling the air supply.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a carbureter of the nature indicated having means whereby a mixture of moisture and exhaust gases is drawn into the engine with the carbureted air, whereby a thoroughly eflicient explosive mixture is provided with a minimum amount of carbon deposit.

lVith the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a plan view of the carbureter.

Fig. 2 is a vertical median section thereof taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

The body or casing of the carbureter, which ispreferably a casting, embodies an upright tubular member 1 forming a vertical passage up which the air flows, said member 1 having means, designated at 2, at its upper end for attaching it to .the intake manifold of an engine. The body is provided at one side of the member 1 with a fuel reservoir 3, and the member 1 and reservoir 3 are inclosed by a jacket 4 prov1d1ng a chamber 5 surrounding said member and reservoir adapted for the passage of the exhaust gases of the engine around said member 1 and reservoir 3 to heat them and the fuel contained therein, whereby to facilitate the function of the carbureter. The reservoir 3 has a cover 3 closing the same. The jacket 4 is rovided adjacent the upper end of the mem er 1 with an inlet 6 which is connected in any suitable manner to the exhaust manifold of the engine whereby the exhaust gases pass into the chamber 5, and the entrance of exhaust gases into the chamber 5 can be controlled by a suitable valve 7 mounted within the inlet 6 and having an operating handle 8. The jacket 4 is provided adjacent the lower end of the member 1 with an outlet 9 for the exhaust gases.

The body is provided at the lower end of the member 1 with a cup-shaped chamber 10, and at one side of the chamber 10, the body has a horizontal cylindrical valve housing 11 between the vertical axes of the member 1 and reservoir 3. There is a port 12 between the housin 11 and chamber 10, and said housing 11 has an opposite port 13 communicating with the atmosphere. A cylindrical valve 14 is rotatable within the housing 11 and has diametrically opposite ports 15 and 16 cooperating with and adapted to be moved into and out of registration with the respective ports 12 and 13, whereby to control the flow of the air into the chamber 10 and member 1. v

The body 1 is provided with a fuel passage 17 extending from the lower portion of the reservoir 3 into a tubular member 18 extending diametrically across the member 1 adjacent the lower end thereof, and a vertical upwardly projecting nozzle 19 intersects and is integral with the member 18 and bottom of the chamber 10, whereby the bore of said nozzle is in communication, with the passage 17 to receive the fuel 'therefrom. The upper end of the nozzle 19 is reduced in diameter, as at 20, and has threaded thereon a tip 21 provided with a valveseat 22 facing downwardly adjacent the reduced end 20 of the nozzle. The upper end of the tip 21 has a countersunk or conical recess 23, within which is disposed a tapered or frusto-conical deflector 24 having its larger diameter portion uppermost. Said deflector 24 has a nipple 25 between the flector 24. The flow of threaded or otherwise engaged within the tip 21 and provided with a passage 26 communicating with the nozzle, the upper end of said passage terminating in branches or apertures 27 walls of the recess 23 and defuel from the nozzle into the tip is controlled by an upwardly projecting needle valve 28 mounted within the lower portion of the nozzle 19 below the member 18, the tip of the needle valve 28 coiiperating with the valve seat 22. The lower protrudin end of the needle valve 28 has a handle 29 or adjusting said valve, and a packing gland 30 is carried by the lower rotruding end of the nozzle 19 to prevent eakage.

It is preferable to fit a screen 31 within the entrance end of the passage 17 at the reservoir end of said passage, to strain the fuel,

. arid prevent sediment from entering the fuel nozzle. j

The reservoir 3 contains a supply of kerosene or other fuel, and the fuel level is maintained at a normal height through the medium of a float controlled valve. Thus, a hollow or other suitable float 32 is mounted for vertical movement within the reservoir 3 and has a central vertical tubular portion 33 through which a vertical valve stem 34 passes loosely, the lower end of said stem having a valve 35 coiiperable with a valve seat 36 at the upper end of a fuel inlet passage 37 in the bottom of the reservoir, to

which the fuel supply pipe (not shown) extending to the fuel tank is connected, the fuel being supplied to the reservoir 3 either under pressure or by gravity. The cap or top 3 of the reservoir 3 has an upstanding tubular portion 38 receiving the upperend of the valve stem 34, and a pair of collars 39 are secured to the valve stem .above the float 32 and receive therebetween the inner arms of levers 40 fulcrumed to hangers 41 with which the cover or top 3 of the reservoir 3 is provided. The other arms of the levers 40. bear u on the float 32 and are relatively long an weighted, whereby when the float 32 lowers due to the withdrawal of fuel from the reservoir, the long weighted arms of the levers 40 can swing downwardly, and the valve stem 34 can move upwardly so that the valve 35' is unseated to permit fuel to enter the reservoir. When the normalfuel level is restored in the reservoir, the float 32 in being raised will swing the levers 40' so as to depress the stem 34 to seat the valve 35, to shut off the flow of fuel-into the reservoir. In this manner, the proper level of fuel in the reservoir is maintained whereby the fuel will flow by gravity to or adjacent the tip of the nozzle. A drain cook 41 is attached to the bottom of the reservoir 3 for draining it.

Fitted within the tubular member 1 is a extending to the annular space this purpose,

throatof the Venturi passage with an annular inwardly facing groove44 in which is seated an annular resistance or heating coil 45 whose terminals 46 extend through the tube43 and out through the member 1, as at 47, for connection with a battery or other source of electrical energy, whereby the re- I sistance coil 45 can be heated to a sufficiently high temperature to prime the carbureter when the engine is started. The tip of the fuel nozzle projects within the Venturi passage close to the constricted portion thereof immediately below the resistance coil 45.

The annular fuel outlet between the walls of the recess 23 and deflector 24 is directed toward the resistance coil 45 whereby the fuel in flowing from the fuelnozzle will pass to ward said resistance coil to be heated thereby. The tube 43 has an aperture 48 extending to the groove 44, and a nipple 49 is engaged through jacket 4 and one side of the member 1 to communicate with the aperture 48, and has attached to its outer end a tube or hollow wire 50 by means of which a priming charge of kerosene or equivalent fuel can be pumped orforced through the nipple 49 and aperture 48 to the resistance coil 45 when the engine is started. The priming charge of fuel is thus directed to the resistance coil, to be heated'and vaporized thereby, whereby the engine can be started conveniently and with little trouble.

A throttle Valve 51 is mounted for rotation within the upper end of the member 1, and is mounted upon a spindle 52 journaled through the member 1 at the upper outlet end thereof, and the throttle lever 53 is attached to one end of the spindle 52. The air controlling valve 14 is operated simultaneously with the throttle valve, whereby the supply of air will be proportional to the flow of-the mixture into the engine, and for the lever 53' is connected by a link or rod 54 with an arm 55 attached to one end of the valve 14. The link 54 is preferably provided with a turn buckle 56,

, able through a spider 62 with which the por- "tion 57 is provided within the passage 60,

and said stem slides through a boss 63 de- 61 and is confined between the head 64 and an adjustable member 66 threaded upon the boss 63, whereby the tension of the spring can be adjusted. By adjusting the tension of the spring, the operation of the valve 59 is controlled as desired. The portion 57 has a movable plug or cap 67 above the valve 59 which when removed permits the valve to be removed and inserted, and said portion 57 has a passage 68 extending from above the valveseat 58 and valve 59 to and communicating with the interior of the member 1 above the Venturi tube 43 and below the throttle valve 51. A. butterfly valve 69 is mounted within the passage 68, it being carried by afstem or spindle 70 to which an arm 71 is attached, and said arm-71 is connected by a link or wire 72 with the throttle lever 53, whereby the valve 69 will be opened and closed proportional to the opening and closing movement of the throttle valve.

The portion 57 is further provided with a water chamber 73 having an inlet 74 to which a water supply pipe can be connected whereby water is delivered into the chamber 73 by pressure or gravity. The portion 57 has a passage or bore 75 extending from the chamber 73 to the valve seat 58 and covered by the valve 59 when it is seated. That end of the passage 75 opening into the chamber 7 3 has a seat 7 6 for a needle valve 77- which is threaded through the wall of the chamber 73. The valve 77 has a handle 78 for adjusting it, to control the flow of water from the chamber 73 into and through the passage 75.

When the engine is started, the carbureter is primed, which is essential when kerosene or similar fuel is used. Thus, electrical current is passed through the resistance coil 45, which can be controlled in any well known manner, and a priming charge of fuel is injected into the carbureter by way of the aperture 48 so that it will be heated in entering the Venturi/passage, and will be carried with the air flowing through the Venturi passage past the throttle valve to the engine. This enables the engine to start without diflicult-y, and after the engine has started, the exhaust gases in being delivered into the chamber 5 will heat the carbureter, to heat the fuel to the desired temperature, in which event, the current flowin through the resistance coil can be shut o Air in flowing upwardly through the Veuturi passage past the tip of the nozzle, will suck the fuel from the nozzle, whereby to carburet the air. It will be noted that the valves 14 and 69 are operated simultaneously with the throttle valve, whereby to properly control the flow of air and moistened exhaust gases into the member 1. When the suction created by the engine reaches a predetermined degree, to overcome the tension of the spring 65, the puppet valve 59 is unseated, and exhaust gases are drawn from the passage 60 and chamber 5 past the valve seat 58 into the passage 68, and said exhaust gases will pass into the member 1 to mix with the carbureted air which flows past the throttle valve. The ex haust gases in being sucked past the valve 59 will suck water from the passage 7 5, thus atomizing the water, and moistening the exhaust gases. This moistening of the mixture, together with the supply of exhaust gases proportional to the suction created by the engine, is advantageous, since it ren ders the combustion of the mixture more thorough and eflective. Furthermore, the presence of moisture in the mixture is beneficial, since it reduces the deposit of carbon in the engine cylinders, and furthermore, the presence of moisture is desirable when kerosene or equivalent fuel is used. The present carbureter enables the engine to be started and run with kerosene as fuel, and is of advantage in several respects, which will be apparent to the foregoing taken in connection with the drawings.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A; carbureter having an air passage, means for delivering fuel to the air flowing through said passage, an exhaust circulating jacket surrounding the air passage and having an inlet for the exhaust gases and an outlet leading to the atmosphere and a second outlet'communicating with the air passage, means controlling the flow of exhaust gases through the second outlet into the air passage, and means for supplying moisture to the exhaust gases flowing past said controlling means.

2. A carbureter having a tubular member for the passage of air therethrough and a passage for exhaust gases communicating with said member, a fuel nozzle within said member, means for controlling the flow of exhaust gases into said member, and means 1 for supplying moisture to the exhaust gases Y and with said member, means for controlling a tubular member for the passage of air therethrough, a jacket inclosing said member and providing a chamber for exhaust gases, said chamber having an inlet and outlet, means for carbureting the air flowing through said member, the body havin a passage communicating with said cham er spring seated valve controlling the flow of exhaust gases through said passage to said member, and means for supplying moisture to the exhaust gases which flow past the last mentioned valve.

6. A carbureter having a member for the passage of air therethrough, means for carbureting the air flowing through said mem her, a valve seat, a passage for exhaust gases extending to said valve seat, the passage extending from said valve seat to said mem ber a spring pressed valve seatable upon said seat, and a water chamber having a passage extending to said valve seat.

7 A carbureter comprising a. body havin a vertical tubular member for the upward passage of air therethrough, a fuel nozzle projecting upwardly within said member'to supply fuel to the air flowing therethrough, a throttle valve mounted within the upper end of said member, an air valve controlling the flow of air into the lower end of said member and operatively connected to the throttle valve to be operated simultaneously therewith, said body having a jacket surrounding said member and providing a chamber forfexhaust gases, said chamber having an inlet and outlet, the body having a valve seat, a passage extending from said chamber to the valve seat, and a passage'extendingfrom the valve seat to the tubular member below the throttle valve, a spring pressed valve seatable upon the valve seat,

a valve mounted within said last mentioned passage and operatively connected with the throttle valve to be operated simultaneously therewith; the body having a water chamberand a passage extending from said wa ter chamber to the valveseat, and means for controlling the flow of water through the last mentloned passage.

8. A carbureter having an air passage, means ,for supplying fuel to the air flowing through said passage, the carbureter having a passage for exhaust gases communicating with the air passage, means for controlling the flow of exhaust gases from the exhaust passage into the air passage, and means for supplying moisture to the exhaust gases flowing rom the exhaust passage into the air passage. I

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own, we have .hereto alfixed our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

. JAY T. CLARK.

FAY E. ROSS.

Witnesses:

P. J EARLY, s

F. J. EARLY- 

